See answer (1) Best Answer. (2) Wedge Formation. The route of the bounding element to that position. This allows for continuation of the mission and reduces the chance of any loss of combat power. If time and terrain permit, he may send dismounted platoon members to move to the far side of the open area and secure it. (See Figure 3-13, for an illustration of dismounted bounding overwatch.) The routes should facilitate mission accomplishment within the limitations of boundaries and allow freedom of maneuver. Each section leader and VC should have, as a minimum, the locations of every element in the platoon on his C3 subsystem. b. Contingencies. Choose and recommend a COA and maneuver the force. d. Lateral or Boundary Routes. Terrain considerations may also affect the choice of movement technique. This security technique involves the use of short-duration OPs consisting of mounted or dismounted soldiers with necessary observation equipment. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). In this example, because the commander had specifically addressed the contingency the reconnaissance platoon has developed, the platoon leader neither makes a recommendation to his commander nor asks his permission to execute the COA. While attempting to develop the situation, the section or team may find that it cannot determine the exact enemy situation for a number of possible reasons to include obstacles, combat losses, suppressive fires by the enemy, or the size and extent of the enemy position. What are the top 10 most used form of communication What communication devices are the most popular nowadays TASMUS, Tactical Area Communications System is a network centric communication infrastructure that enables obtaining a common picture of the battlefield in near-real time and sharing data among battlefield systems in near-real time. Platoon staggered column formation. Dismounted bounding overwatch. METL Development The steps of attacking a strongpoint are: ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___> Recon Move to OBJ Isolate OBJ Attack to seize a foothold In most situations, smaller elements are better able to take advantage of available cover and concealment. Ground reconnaissance assets use infiltration most often although aerial platforms may also employ tactics based on infiltration techniques. The herringbone provides 360-degree security during a temporary halt from a march column (Figure 3-8). In very large open areas, however, use of dismounted troops may not be feasible because of the distances between covered and concealed positions. Once the platoon leader has enough information to make a decision, he selects a COA that is within the capabilities of the platoon, that allows the platoon to continue the reconnaissance as quickly as possible, and that supports the commander's concept of the operation. Army Doctrine Publication 3-90 Chapter 2-59 reads, "There are eight forms of contact: visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic." To help with remembering all eight, the initialism "DINOCAVE" is sometimes used. If the reconnaissance platoon is tasked to gather information over a wide area, it may employ several small teams to cover the complete sector. Planning. Reconnaissance forces normally conduct exfiltration via land routes dismounted when friendly lines are close or no other extraction method is feasible. It uses the four steps of actions on contact (covered in detail later in this paragraph) as the foundation for these drills: b. If detected, an infiltrating element typically returns fire, breaks contact, and reports. It searches for antitank (AT) ditches, minefields, wire, or other obstacles that could force friendly forces into a fire sack. Contact with an unknown or superior force. The reconnaissance platoon and its elements may need to exfiltrate during any tactical operation or situation. In another instance, the platoon may deploy in a stay-behind mode during defensive operations, requiring it to plan and execute movement to return to friendly controlled areas. They should search for movement, reflections, smoke, and any irregular shapes or colors indicating camouflage. The trail element first occupies a covered and concealed position from which it can overwatch the lead element. To regain the use of all his assets, the platoon leader continues coordination to hand off contact to a follow-on element (Figure 3-15). Due to mission constraints, the platoon leader may have to leave one vehicle in contact. Ask an Expert. During infiltration, the platoon uses predesignated routes to reach its objective without being detected and engaged by the enemy. Copy. (4) Move-Set Technique. (3) Bounding Overwatch. As the unit responsible for the attack moves into position, the reconnaissance element in contact may rejoin the platoon or be placed OPCON to the attacking unit to ease command, control, and coordination (Figure 3-16). people C. devastating to feet-People D. devastating to feet, people. Based on the available information and his commander's intent and guidance, the platoon leader decides to leave one section in contact to support a hasty attack by a supporting MGS platoon. Once they determine that the enemy in contact cannot influence them, they continue their mission with the platoon leader's approval. (1) The ideal way for the platoon to make contact is by means of FBCB2 reports from sensor elements (such as tactical unmanned aerial vehicles [TUAVs], ground surveillance radar [GSR], or other intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance [ISR] assets). This formation can be used regardless of the platoon organization and is applicable to most reconnaissance platoon missions. The platoon should then practice this SOP as a drill so that correct execution of the coil becomes automatic. Contact with obstacles of enemy or unknown origin. (f) Establish a Hasty Defense. Physical Audio Direct Indirect Electronic CBRN Visual Civilian. However, he must not commit unneeded resources to an action that will detract from other reconnaissance tasks. (last updated February 8, 2012). Two-section platoon wedge formation. Leaders use POSNAV aids to identify their location and the location of subordinate and adjacent units. The instructions below explain the first time setup that enables you to print a design or schematic to a PDF. Once deployed, the OP maintains surveillance of the avenue of approach until the rest of the reconnaissance element returns. The platoon leader assigns lanes to the sections and teams. The section or team leader organizes a hasty reconnaissance patrol that attempts to move to the flank or rear of the enemy and observes the enemy position. (1) Single-Lane Infiltration. b. These missions are covered in this section and in Sections 2 and 3 of this chapter. The enemy situation as he knows or suspects it to be. The dismounted platoon members make contact as the lead platoon vehicle is engaged. For example, reconnaissance forces that have infiltrated or bypassed the enemy-occupied area may need to exfiltrate as soon as they gather the required information. What are the 8 forms of army contact? Groups on different routes may move using different methods of insertion or extraction (for example, one group moves by RVs, another group moves by helicopter, and another moves dismounted). (a) Alternate Bounds. To achieve a positional advantage to conduct reconnaissance and surveillance. The leader must determine the probability of contact and where that contact will most likely occur. A. The "CA" for cash aid and "CF" for CalFresh listed to the left side of each (c) When physical contact occurs, the reconnaissance platoon employs indirect and direct fires to suppress the enemy while maneuvering to get information. If necessary, the reconnaissance platoon can attack unarmored reconnaissance vehicles, such as motorcycles or Soviet-style wheeled reconnaissance vehicles (BRDMs) (Figure 3-17). (1) Platoon members should use available terrain to scan the wooded area before entering. These specific instructions must include focus of the reconnaissance, tempo of the operation, engagement criteria, and the desired COA based on the size and activity of the enemy force encountered. As an example, a two-vehicle section may use bounding overwatch (Figure 3-12). What is a light mortar? These plans should address various contingencies for movement, such as the possibility that the platoon may be able to exfiltrate intact or in smaller groups to avoid detection. In all situations, leaders must plan exfiltration as carefully as infiltration. Maintain contact to support a hasty attack. Platoon herringbone formation. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). The platoon coil provides all-round security during halts. 5 steps of Actions on contact DECER 1. The platoon then displaces its OPs to successive positions in depth while maintaining contact with the enemy. The additional graphic control measures may include routes of march, coordination points, passage points, and boundaries for subordinate units. Purposes of infiltration include the following: c. Planning. Due to the complexity of these operations, the battalion staff and the reconnaissance platoon leader conduct detailed planning. When operating out of normal communications range, an infiltrating element that must transmit required information should move to high ground or set up a long-range expedient antenna. Infiltration plans always cover employment of indirect fires although the platoon uses them only in limited circumstances. Figure 3-12. d. Regardless of which technique is used, the reconnaissance section leader gives the section an order explaining what each element will do. a. Dismounted troops must check isolated buildings. Infiltration is a form of maneuver that entails movement by small groups or individuals, at extended or irregular intervals, through or into an area occupied by an enemy or friendly force, while avoiding contact with the enemy. Each vehicle has a particular position to occupy in the coil. It is used when speed is important and enemy contact is not likely. Deploy and report 2. Phase III Phase begins with: Enemy Activity: Location of Adjacent Units: Key Tasks: Leaders Recon Purpose: GOTWA: Engagement Criteria: Emplacement and Occupation of: Security - SBF - Assault - Expected Forms of Contact (DINOCAVE): Actions on Contact: (based on ENY Analysis / DINOCAVE) Recon-ORP-Targets by Phase: Casualty Collection Points . The amount of intelligence information available to the reconnaissance platoon leader during the planning process determines the risk involved in conducting the infiltration. (2) Evaluate and Develop the Situation. Actions on Contact. Do not replace operational graphics with an over-reliance on waypoint land navigation techniques. This technique allows for an absolute minimum of radio transmissions, positive control by the section leader, and maximum security within the section. Chapter 4 of this manual discusses dismounted movement techniques in detail. There are three major types of dismounted operations: local security tasks, OPs, and patrols. (b) Successive Bounds. Compared to mounted operations, dismounted movement techniques and formations require as muchor moredetail during the planning phase. This See Also: Dinocave forms of contact army Show details Section using bounding overwatch technique. Once the vehicles are inside the wood line (approximately 100 to 200 meters), the platoon shuts off vehicle engines, maintains dismounted security, and conducts a listening/security halt. Refer to the seven general categories of contact discussed in paragraph 3-4c. What are the 8 forms of contact? (6) Herringbone Formation. This COA is appropriate when the reconnaissance platoon discovers enemy elements his higher commander wants to destroy but which it cannot destroy either because it lacks sufficient combat power or because it has other tasks to perform. Direct fire engagements are normally limited to whatever actions are required to break contact. As soon as the lead vehicle is in a covered and concealed position, the overwatch vehicle moves to an alternate firing position and occupies a hide position while trying to maintain contact with the smallest possible element. Mounted Formations. Route Planning. If they determine the area is clear, the platoon brings vehicles forward to observation positions. If the reconnaissance platoon must conduct a hasty defense, the battalion commander assumes responsibility for continuing to develop the situation. "Set" means that the element has arrived at its destination and has occupied a position from which it can observe to its front. The platoon should also develop SOPs for limited visibility marking to aid in command and control at night. 8 forms of contact dinocave. They should use radio listening silence except to report contact with enemy forces or to send critical information that the commander has directed them to report immediately. Coordination must include CSS activities, integration of communications, fires, passage lanes, C2, and battle handover. a. The contingency plan must allow time for groups to reach the new (alternate) rally point. Conduct an attack against an inferior force. Review the elements of a speech in the chart you created as you read. If the battalion employs multiple lanes, the platoon leader must task organize to move along all lanes. These techniques provide a standard method of movement, but the platoon leader must use common sense in employing them as he performs his missions and encounters different situations. Figure 3-10. As these patrols discover the enemy and add additional information to the platoon leader's picture, the platoon leader may determine he has sufficient information to choose and execute a COA or to make a recommendation to his commander. Rarely are there enough lanes for each group to have a separate one. It conducts dismounted reconnaissance to get detailed information on enemy dispositions. The platoon can also use indirect fires to degrade the enemy's acquisition and observation capabilities by forcing him to seek cover. In most cases, the reconnaissance platoon can not or should not mass its combat power to defeat an enemy force. What are the 8 forms of contact Army? If possible, the section leader should provide his section with the following information: e. Execution of the movement techniques is described below. The trail element remains close enough to provide immediate suppressive fire and to maneuver for support. Formations are intended to be flexible and easily modified to fit the situation, terrain, and combat losses. Figure 3-3. Navigation during limited visibility conditions is easier for the digitized platoon with the introduction of POSNAV and limited visibility equipment. Exposed sections or teams should maintain minimum silhouette in their vehicles because of the danger from close-in snipers and ambush. Delays may result when groups must avoid enemy contact. Technology aids, such as the GPS, can assist the sections in location positioning during movement and allow the sections to move using predetermined waypoints as guides. Advisory Notice. See answer (1) Copy. (2) To maintain surveillance, the platoon can use OPs to maximize the reconnaissance effort forward. All leaders within the platoon must ensure that their subordinates continuously wear their night-vision devices when moving dismounted. Choose COA Evaluate and develop the situation 3. Dismounted ground exfiltration is preferred when areas along the route are largely uninhabited, when enemy forces are widely dispersed or under such pressure that they cannot conduct counterreconnaissance and security operations, or when terrain is sufficiently restricted to degrade enemy efforts to use mobile forces against the exfiltrating reconnaissance unit. Before you are able to export to a PDF, however,. 1 / 8. In the commander's order, the engagement criteria tasked the reconnaissance section or team to engage when the enemy force consists of one wheeled vehicle or less (dismounted troops). S\underline{\color{#c34632}{S}}S Rufino hasnt missed any football games this year. Dinocap is a contact fungicide used to control powdery mildew on many crops and is also used as a . To locate unobserved routes through enemy positions. The halt should last approximately one to two minutes, with 360-degree security maintained and radio speakers minimized throughout. They do not have exact geometric dimensions and design. Choose an example of each element, and explain how it helps make the speech effective. (2) Developing the situation is a critical step in choosing the correct COA and providing an accurate, timely report to the commander. Movement during dismounted operations is similar to mounted movement but requires more command and control due to the decentralized nature of the task. Platoon and section leaders and VCs use position updates from their navigation systems and analog information to assist in following their planned routes. Do not rely totally on technology. However, the screen may display only a small portion of the platoon's area of operations. (2) Exfiltration by Land. Cover and concealment are abundant, and it is easy for the enemy to remain undetected until he is at very close range. Since they do not have a clear idea of the size of the enemy, they react as if it is a superior force. Wiki User. The factors the reconnaissance platoon leader needs to consider addressing, such as moving more rapidly and employing greater stealth and security in the various terrains, will always be METT-TC dependent. The lead vehicle advances to a point (first move) where it can support the advance of the overwatch vehicle. Oddly enough, foot and leg injuries common to runners in the developed world-joint damage, shin splints, bone spurs-are practically unknown to the Tarahumara. The six mounted reconnaissance platoon formations are line, wedge, column, staggered column, coil, and herringbone. From this position, he establishes local security (a hasty OP) and monitors and controls the efforts of his sections or teams. I tend to look at the different types of platforms on a scale (Figure 1). Visual contact (the platoon is undetected by the enemy force). Leaders may detach small security elements from the main body to provide early warning by acting as an advance guard or as guides along a route. DN\underline{\color{#c34632}{DN}}DN Nancy hasnt missed no football games this year. He does this for several tactical reasons: to continue operations as directed, to regain use of all his elements, or to give responsibility to a friendly element that can more effectively handle the enemy force. What are the 8 forms of contact Army? The platoon must also establish a hasty defense when the enemy executes a hasty attack. Because breaking contact is a violation of reconnaissance fundamentals, the platoon leader must be sure that his higher headquarters is informed of and approves this COA (Figure 3-14). His other sections continue their reconnaissance mission. The platoon must keep an element in contact with the enemy unless specifically authorized to do otherwise. In such a case, the reconnaissance platoon leader can evaluate the situation, choose a COA consistent with his higher commander's intent or concept, and execute it without further guidance. (1) Before moving across a large open area, the reconnaissance platoon must make a thorough visual scan of the area. Urban areas are ideal for effective ambush by small numbers of infantry. To shape the engagement area by forcing enemy elements to turn, slow down, stop, or flank themselves at . Whether the platoon plans to exfiltrate on foot, by RV, or by air, it must conduct detailed planning to establish criteria for a passage of lines to minimize the chances of fratricide. Indirect fire can also provide concealment, with smoke used alone or mixed with suppressive fires. (5) Coil Formation. Read the following passage and then choose the best revision for the underlined portions of the paragraph. If he cannot find a bypass, he focuses not only on finding potential enemy positions but also on locating covered and concealed routes for bounding and a covered and concealed position to which the unit can move. The platoon leadership must keep in perspective that during dismounted operations there is always an information-gathering element and a control and security element (Figures 3-1 and 3-2), and they should resource each operation accordingly. Digital or visual contact, in which the enemy is observed but the platoon remains undetected, is the goal. (e) Conduct a Hasty Attack. On signal, the overwatch vehicle moves forward to a position abreast of the lead vehicle (second move) and halts.