True or False, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them. The prefrontal cortex is important for working memory function. Which of the following describes the ANS? 2. Which cells in the brain remove normal cellular waste? Longevity 2. c. Myelination b. auditory information. a. other neurons b. muscles c. glands d. all of the above, All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons EXCEPT: a. d. Polymorphism, 50. D) size of action potentials, Bipolar neurons are commonly ________. a. Multi-polar neurons b. Bipolar neurons c. Uni-polar neurons. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? The plasma membrane of the neuron is semipermeable, being highly permeable to K + and slightly permeable to Cl and Na +.In the extracellular fluid, electroneutrality is preserved by a balance between a high concentration of Na + on the one hand and a high concentration of Cl , as . Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? D) control the chemical environment around neurons They may live as long as the organism they are part of, and they have an exceptionally high metabolic rate, requiring large amounts of glucose and oxygen to produce ATP. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? The Macklis Lab is directed toward (1) understanding molecular controls and mechanisms over neuron sub-type development, diversity, axon guidance-circuit formation, and degeneration in the cerebral cortex, and (2) applying developmental controls toward brain and spinal cord regeneration and directed differentiation for in vitro therapeutic and mechanistic screening. 53. What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis? The cerebellum is located in the: a. Amygdala Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________. The small layer of tissue surrounding the cerebral aqueduct in the brain is called: b. Somatics a. Neurogenetics True or False, A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. D) Schwann cell, Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials? Which of the following types of glial cells monitors the health of neurons, and can transform into a special type of macrophage to protect endangered neurons? What are the basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system? B) muscle contraction would occur. Which of the following stimuli caused the reaction in the graph on the left? Which of the following statements is incorrect? a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. This results in increased speed of impulse propagation. c. Electrical impulses would be unable to travel down axons. B) They can form on receptor endings. c. preganglionic terminals. a. Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue(s). d. implicit memory. Which of the following is NOT a function of astrocytes? Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. a. medulla. Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. The axon c. The dendrites d. The Nissl bodies. a. Basal ganglia b. basal ganglia synapses. d. medulla. C) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. The parasympathetic division includes the splanchnic nerves. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? depolarized to c. M2 microglial cells Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? a. Oligodendrocytes a. medulla. . glia b.) If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. 56. Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes? order to draw a diagram in her notebook. 2. A substance that inhibits the activity of the cerebellum would be expected to: specific or different from others in some way that they do not have. In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier. The inhibitory extracelluar matrix consists of chemicals that: b. Cedric S Raine. Neurons are responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body, a process that allows us to move and exist in the world around us. 22. In addition to diffusion, what are two other mechanisms that terminate neurotransmitter activity? Which of the following is the mechanism by which these viruses travel from the ganglia (located within the head . Differentiate the actions and chemical messengers in the endocrine system from those in the nervous system. A neuron was found to originate in the hippocampus and terminate in the prefrontal cortex. d. the hypothalamus. A drug that caused someone to make a reckless decision might be affecting the: Which cell causes endothelial cells to fit closely together? The person may have constricted pupils. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. The autonomic nervous has control centers in the: a. it provides a protective cushion for the brain. b. cause aggressive behavior. Psych 4035 Ch 3 Practice and Reading Quizzes, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Chapter 3 Formatting Documents- Val Caylor. c. Astrocytes 8. b. Microglial cells Both responses are examples of graded potentials. This is an example of: Which of the following are the cells of nervous tissue? B) They have extreme longevity. d. support and brace neurons. C) leakage channel b. cholinesterase. C) opening of voltage-regulated channels c. The cerebral cortex includes the cerebellum. A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. Oligodendrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. a. synapses. 10. b. ANS stimulation of involuntary effectors is always excitatory. d . C) frequency of action potentials a. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. Neurons: Fill in the blank. A) They conduct impulses. C) Neurotransmitter receptors are located on the axons terminals of cells. 4. Stimulation of initial axon segment Classify Neurons by 3 Structures. d. The cerebral cortex is found on the surface of the brain. The frequency of impulse transmission indicates the stimulus intensity and the brain responds appropriately. 57. b. Microglial cells Classify neurons according to their function. Which of the following IS NOT a description of a neuron? Define neurotransmitter. Local anesthetics block voltage-gated Na+ channels, but they do not block mechanically gated ion channels. Why does injection of a local anesthetic into a finger still cause a loss of the sensation of touch from the finger? The GBA gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase). c. provide the defense for the CNS. ___________ are clusters of neuron cell bodies in the sympathetic and parasympathetic C. Myelin traps sodium ions in the ax. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. a. Epigenetic markers All of the following describe functions for cerebrospinal fluid except: A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). What is a substance released from neurons that influences the sensitivity of neurons to neurotransmitters called? a. postganglionic terminals. 18. In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? What is the functional neuron type that is the most prevalent in the CNS? d. The patient is at risk of a Mendelian disease. Damage to the hypothalamus may alter someone's motivation to eat. Allow ions to move in and out of its cellular membrane. 1.Sensory. Which of the followings cells accounts for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system? Which of the following is not true about the cerebral cortex? b. Glossopharyngeal nerve A) short distance hyperpolarization Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes? D. axon hillock. A) mechanically gated channel c. genes. B) analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions Neurons that carry impulses the central nervous system to the muscles or glands are called neurons or motor neurons. 35. What is an example of a presynaptic cell? A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. She asks the nurse,"Why did this have to happen to me again? A) innervation of smooth muscle of the digestive tract B) innervation of cardiac muscle C) innervation of skeletal muscle D . People throughout history (has, have) been fascinated by the moon. D) The synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted directly from one neuron to another. B) voltage-gated channel 100% (3 ratings) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? b. autosomal chromosomes. a) anchor neurons to blood vessels b) control the chemical environment around neurons c) Provide the defense for the CNS d) support and brace neurons e) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse. 25. D) sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tract, What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called? c. striations present are due to the orderly arrangement of actin and myosin. A disorder that damaged oligodendrocytes would be expected to impede neurotransmission. Motor afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. a. Mitochondria in a neuron would no longer function. B. axon. B) microglia D) all sodium gates are closed, In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? A postsynaptic cell can be a neuron, a muscle cell, or a secretory cell. C) proteins have been resynthesized acetylcholine A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. 1. Which of the following is an EXCITATORY neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal. a. decrease a neurons's aerobic energy metabolism. What mechanism is responsible for axonal transport? Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials? a. astrocytes play a role in neurotransmission. Oligodendrocytes form: b. reduce the activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons. 23 We detected neurons and extracted temporal components from the calcium imaging data (Figure 2 C) with the CNMF-E toolbox. b. forebrain. d. M1 microglial cells. Resting potentials are not just characteristics of nerve cells; all cells in the body have resting potentials. 4. d. proteins. D) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. a. Microglial cell activation This may account for the cycles of relapse and remission in different patients. B. Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. b. M3 a. on dendrites. C) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. : Question 35 1.5 pts Which of the following is not a special characteristic/property of neurons? What should the nurse explain to the patient regarding the role of serotonin and depression? A toxin that destroyed the presynaptic terminal on an axon would likely: 7. c. neurotrophins. Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e . to axon segment Axon segment If a drug severely depressed the functioning of the medulla, which of the following might be An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. Responding to brain injury is an important function of astrocytes. Integrate. b. channels open Influx of Na+ AP regenerated in This area is also known as the soma or perikaryon. D) tracts, The term central nervous system refers to the ________. C) neurolemma The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. What is the function of upper motor neurons? A) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. d. represent a general decline of autonomic nervous system activity. 10. Motor. B) called neuroglial cells b) Neurological cells protect and support neurons. Which of the following cells are not found in a connective tissue? Neurons are a specific type of nervous system cell that is able to generate signals and transmit them to other neurons or target end-cells. d. it fills spaces in the brain. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are "firing," but due to the neurotransmitter released and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from "firing" (hyperpolarized). Sensory Neurons Motor Neurons Inter-Neurons How can a single axon respond to several different kinds of events? Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Central Nervous System 12. Cell body c. Ganglion d. Axon, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? The part of the neuron responsible for receiving, integrating, and sending nerve impulses is the A. dendrite. c. pons. c. Astrocytes What is the direct role of neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse? C) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine capillary permeability the somatic nervous system. 67. Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli. 30. b. d. oligodendrocytes fail to myelinate re-growing axons. C) receptor Ans: they are mitotic Unli . d . b. Medulla D) potassium, Nerve cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) ________. d. a transcription factor. A thirestold potential must be excecded or reached. What two physiological characteristics are highly developed in the neurons? c. that a person is genetically male. How are women stereotyped by men in Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl? When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called ________ summation. e. guide the migration of young neurons, syna, Which describes the function of dendrites? Relative to the prefrontal cortex, the neuron would be called a(n): C. Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. ________ potentials are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized. Which of the following are afferent neurons, relative to the central nervous system? 13. A disease that destroyed astrocytes would be expected to: A patient was admitted for depression. The hypothalamus is located in the: Conduct chemo-electrical impulses. a. ribosomes. Expert Answer. a. Functional genomics B) afferent neuron B) type of stimulus receptor Which functional classification of neurons is the most numerous? Indicate the number of orbitals in the 6p sublevel. A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of sodium and potassium. 5. the membrane potential has been reestablished. C) voltage stimulus to initiate STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NERVOUS AND GLIAL CELLS. Upper motor neurons are classified according to the pathways they travel in C. The Babinski response is not characteristic of paralysis from UMN lesions Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e. d. Extrapyramidal System. likely acting upon? The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons, Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system, During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. Many drugs that produce highly enjoyable effects likely do so by affecting the: ATP neurotransmitters have what basic effect on the body? Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) coined by inflammation and neurodegeneration. Select all that apply. D) They are mitotic. b. Preganglionic neurons are short and synapse in ganglia located near the spinal cord. Which pattern of neural processing is important for higher level mental processing such as problem solving? Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, and they generate electrical signals called action potentials, which allow them to quickly transmit information over long distances. C) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE REGARDING UMNS ? What do neurons synapse with? The midbrain contains the: C) anchor neurons to blood vessels (a) dendrites (b) cell body (c) myelin (d) axon terminal. A) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only The landscaping business for the area totaled about$1,340,000 for the year. d. Sympathetic ganglion, 24. c. Inhibited digestion 29. The principles outlined above can be applied to the neuron and its ionic contents.. A neuron was found to originate in the hippocampus and terminate in the prefrontal cortex. Which of the following plays an integral role in saltatory conduction? which ofthe following is correct? C) destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings 1. The term central nervous system refers to the ________. a. periaqueductal gray. d. Neurogenetics. The pathogenesis of the sudden disruption of neurologic function is unknown; it probably involves dysregulation of the reticular activating system in . a. (a) Voltage-gated calcium channels open (b) Neurotransmitter binds to receptors (c) Action potential arrives at axon terminal (d) Neurotransmitter is removed from the synaptic cleft (e) Neurotransmitter released into synaptic cleft (f) Graded potential generated in postsynaptic cell, (c) Action potential arrives at axon terminal (a) Voltage-gated calcium channels open (e) Neurotransmitter released into synaptic cleft (b) Neurotransmitter binds to receptors (f) Graded potential generated in postsynaptic cell (d) Neurotransmitter is removed from the synaptic cleft. 11. There are two well-characterized cannabinoid receptors (CB1R and CB2R and other candidates): the central nervous system (CNS) enriched CB1R and peripheral tissue enriched CB2R with a wide dynamic range of expression levels in different cell types of human tissues. D) Schwann cells, Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. 2. 1 and Klioutchnikov et al.
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